Deux chocs pétroliers, en 1973 et 1979, ébranlent les économies européennes et produisent chômage, récession et désindustrialisation. Ils révèlent l’inadaptation des structures et obligent la CEE à se réformer. L’élection du Parlement européen au suffrage universel en 1979 renforce son rôle de contrôle.
L’acte unique est une réponse à la crise : il vise à instaurer un espace européen sans frontières intérieures de plus de 300 millions de consommateurs. Ce grand marché implique une sécurisation des frontières extérieures, mise en œuvre progressivement à partir de 1985 par l’accord de Schengen.
L’Europe attire les pays du Sud sortis de la dictature et devient un modèle pour les dissidents de l’Est.
Ouvert tous les jours de 9h30 à 18h
Mémorial Alsace-Moselle
Allée du Souvenir Français
67130 Schirmeck
Tel. +33 (0)3 88 47 45 50
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